Station Overview | Station Location | ||
---|---|---|---|
Station Number | MN-DK-31 | Latitude | 44.691133 |
Station Name | Lakeville 2.3 WNW | Longitude | -93.293848 |
County | Dakota | Elevation (ft) | 1018 |
Month | 30 Yr Avg by PRISM | Total Prcp Sum | Days Covered By All Observations | Daily Prcp Sum | Daily Observation Count | Multiday Prcp Sum | Days Covered by Multiday Observations | Multiday Observation Count | Days With Prcp | Days With Trace | Total Snowfall | Days With Snowfall | Days With Snow On Ground |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oct 13 | 2.50 | 2.85 | 31 | 1.95 | 20 | 0.90 | 11 | 1 | 11 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
Nov 13 | 1.80 | 0.64 | 22 | 0.64 | 22 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 1.7 | 2 | 3 |
Dec 13 | 1.05 | 1.15 | 25 | 0.66 | 18 | 0.49 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 5.2 | 5 | 15 |
Jan 14 | 0.86 | 0.97 | 24 | 0.97 | 24 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 12.8 | 9 | 24 |
Feb 14 | 0.70 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
March 14 | 1.79 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
April 14 | 2.73 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
May 14 | 3.72 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
June 14 | 4.32 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
July 14 | 4.16 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
Aug 14 | 4.61 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
Sept 14 | 3.39 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
Water Year Totals: | 31.63" | 5.61" | 102 days | 4.22" | 84 | 1.39" | 18 days | 2 | 31 days | 2 days | 19.7" | 16 days | 42 days |
Days in Water Year Cell Color Key | |||
---|---|---|---|
Daily Observation with Prcp | Missing Day | ||
Multiday Observation | Daily/Multiday Observation Conflict |
Day of Year | Daily Prcp | Multiday Prcp |
---|---|---|
10/1/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/2/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/3/2013 | 0.35 | |
10/4/2013 | ** | |
10/5/2013 | ** | |
10/6/2013 | ** | |
10/7/2013 | ** | |
10/8/2013 | ** | |
10/9/2013 | ** | |
10/10/2013 | ** | |
10/11/2013 | ** | |
10/12/2013 | ** | |
10/13/2013 | ** | |
10/14/2013 | 0.90 | |
10/15/2013 | 1.04 | |
10/16/2013 | 0.10 | |
10/17/2013 | 0.01 | |
10/18/2013 | 0.18 | |
10/19/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/20/2013 | 0.02 | |
10/21/2013 | 0.05 | |
10/22/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/23/2013 | 0.01 | |
10/24/2013 | 0.01 | |
10/25/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/26/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/27/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/28/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/29/2013 | 0.00 | |
10/30/2013 | 0.13 | |
10/31/2013 | 0.05 | |
11/1/2013 | ||
11/2/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/3/2013 | ||
11/4/2013 | ||
11/5/2013 | 0.18 | |
11/6/2013 | 0.28 | |
11/7/2013 | ||
11/8/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/9/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/10/2013 | ||
11/11/2013 | ||
11/12/2013 | ||
11/13/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/14/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/15/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/16/2013 | ||
11/17/2013 | 0.13 | |
11/18/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/19/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/20/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/21/2013 | T | |
11/22/2013 | 0.05 | |
11/23/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/24/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/25/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/26/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/27/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/28/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/29/2013 | 0.00 | |
11/30/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/1/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/2/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/3/2013 | 0.15 | |
12/4/2013 | 0.25 | |
12/5/2013 | ** | |
12/6/2013 | ** | |
12/7/2013 | ** | |
12/8/2013 | ** | |
12/9/2013 | ** | |
12/10/2013 | ** | |
12/11/2013 | 0.49 | |
12/12/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/13/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/14/2013 | 0.08 | |
12/15/2013 | T | |
12/16/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/17/2013 | 0.08 | |
12/18/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/19/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/20/2013 | 0.01 | |
12/21/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/22/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/23/2013 | ||
12/24/2013 | ||
12/25/2013 | ||
12/26/2013 | ||
12/27/2013 | ||
12/28/2013 | ||
12/29/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/30/2013 | 0.00 | |
12/31/2013 | 0.09 |
Day of Year | Daily Prcp | Multiday Prcp |
---|---|---|
1/1/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/2/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/3/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/4/2014 | 0.03 | |
1/5/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/6/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/7/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/8/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/9/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/10/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/11/2014 | 0.01 | |
1/12/2014 | ||
1/13/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/14/2014 | 0.17 | |
1/15/2014 | 0.02 | |
1/16/2014 | 0.06 | |
1/17/2014 | ||
1/18/2014 | 0.38 | |
1/19/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/20/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/21/2014 | 0.02 | |
1/22/2014 | 0.02 | |
1/23/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/24/2014 | 0.00 | |
1/25/2014 | 0.06 | |
1/26/2014 | 0.20 | |
1/27/2014 | ||
1/28/2014 | ||
1/29/2014 | ||
1/30/2014 | ||
1/31/2014 | ||
2/1/2014 | ||
2/2/2014 | ||
2/3/2014 | ||
2/4/2014 | ||
2/5/2014 | ||
2/6/2014 | ||
2/7/2014 | ||
2/8/2014 | ||
2/9/2014 | ||
2/10/2014 | ||
2/11/2014 | ||
2/12/2014 | ||
2/13/2014 | ||
2/14/2014 | ||
2/15/2014 | ||
2/16/2014 | ||
2/17/2014 | ||
2/18/2014 | ||
2/19/2014 | ||
2/20/2014 | ||
2/21/2014 | ||
2/22/2014 | ||
2/23/2014 | ||
2/24/2014 | ||
2/25/2014 | ||
2/26/2014 | ||
2/27/2014 | ||
2/28/2014 | ||
3/1/2014 | ||
3/2/2014 | ||
3/3/2014 | ||
3/4/2014 | ||
3/5/2014 | ||
3/6/2014 | ||
3/7/2014 | ||
3/8/2014 | ||
3/9/2014 | ||
3/10/2014 | ||
3/11/2014 | ||
3/12/2014 | ||
3/13/2014 | ||
3/14/2014 | ||
3/15/2014 | ||
3/16/2014 | ||
3/17/2014 | ||
3/18/2014 | ||
3/19/2014 | ||
3/20/2014 | ||
3/21/2014 | ||
3/22/2014 | ||
3/23/2014 | ||
3/24/2014 | ||
3/25/2014 | ||
3/26/2014 | ||
3/27/2014 | ||
3/28/2014 | ||
3/29/2014 | ||
3/30/2014 | ||
3/31/2014 |
Day of Year | Daily Prcp | Multiday Prcp |
---|---|---|
4/1/2014 | ||
4/2/2014 | ||
4/3/2014 | ||
4/4/2014 | ||
4/5/2014 | ||
4/6/2014 | ||
4/7/2014 | ||
4/8/2014 | ||
4/9/2014 | ||
4/10/2014 | ||
4/11/2014 | ||
4/12/2014 | ||
4/13/2014 | ||
4/14/2014 | ||
4/15/2014 | ||
4/16/2014 | ||
4/17/2014 | ||
4/18/2014 | ||
4/19/2014 | ||
4/20/2014 | ||
4/21/2014 | ||
4/22/2014 | ||
4/23/2014 | ||
4/24/2014 | ||
4/25/2014 | ||
4/26/2014 | ||
4/27/2014 | ||
4/28/2014 | ||
4/29/2014 | ||
4/30/2014 | ||
5/1/2014 | ||
5/2/2014 | ||
5/3/2014 | ||
5/4/2014 | ||
5/5/2014 | ||
5/6/2014 | ||
5/7/2014 | ||
5/8/2014 | ||
5/9/2014 | ||
5/10/2014 | ||
5/11/2014 | ||
5/12/2014 | ||
5/13/2014 | ||
5/14/2014 | ||
5/15/2014 | ||
5/16/2014 | ||
5/17/2014 | ||
5/18/2014 | ||
5/19/2014 | ||
5/20/2014 | ||
5/21/2014 | ||
5/22/2014 | ||
5/23/2014 | ||
5/24/2014 | ||
5/25/2014 | ||
5/26/2014 | ||
5/27/2014 | ||
5/28/2014 | ||
5/29/2014 | ||
5/30/2014 | ||
5/31/2014 | ||
6/1/2014 | ||
6/2/2014 | ||
6/3/2014 | ||
6/4/2014 | ||
6/5/2014 | ||
6/6/2014 | ||
6/7/2014 | ||
6/8/2014 | ||
6/9/2014 | ||
6/10/2014 | ||
6/11/2014 | ||
6/12/2014 | ||
6/13/2014 | ||
6/14/2014 | ||
6/15/2014 | ||
6/16/2014 | ||
6/17/2014 | ||
6/18/2014 | ||
6/19/2014 | ||
6/20/2014 | ||
6/21/2014 | ||
6/22/2014 | ||
6/23/2014 | ||
6/24/2014 | ||
6/25/2014 | ||
6/26/2014 | ||
6/27/2014 | ||
6/28/2014 | ||
6/29/2014 | ||
6/30/2014 |
Day of Year | Daily Prcp | Multiday Prcp |
---|---|---|
7/1/2014 | ||
7/2/2014 | ||
7/3/2014 | ||
7/4/2014 | ||
7/5/2014 | ||
7/6/2014 | ||
7/7/2014 | ||
7/8/2014 | ||
7/9/2014 | ||
7/10/2014 | ||
7/11/2014 | ||
7/12/2014 | ||
7/13/2014 | ||
7/14/2014 | ||
7/15/2014 | ||
7/16/2014 | ||
7/17/2014 | ||
7/18/2014 | ||
7/19/2014 | ||
7/20/2014 | ||
7/21/2014 | ||
7/22/2014 | ||
7/23/2014 | ||
7/24/2014 | ||
7/25/2014 | ||
7/26/2014 | ||
7/27/2014 | ||
7/28/2014 | ||
7/29/2014 | ||
7/30/2014 | ||
7/31/2014 | ||
8/1/2014 | ||
8/2/2014 | ||
8/3/2014 | ||
8/4/2014 | ||
8/5/2014 | ||
8/6/2014 | ||
8/7/2014 | ||
8/8/2014 | ||
8/9/2014 | ||
8/10/2014 | ||
8/11/2014 | ||
8/12/2014 | ||
8/13/2014 | ||
8/14/2014 | ||
8/15/2014 | ||
8/16/2014 | ||
8/17/2014 | ||
8/18/2014 | ||
8/19/2014 | ||
8/20/2014 | ||
8/21/2014 | ||
8/22/2014 | ||
8/23/2014 | ||
8/24/2014 | ||
8/25/2014 | ||
8/26/2014 | ||
8/27/2014 | ||
8/28/2014 | ||
8/29/2014 | ||
8/30/2014 | ||
8/31/2014 | ||
9/1/2014 | ||
9/2/2014 | ||
9/3/2014 | ||
9/4/2014 | ||
9/5/2014 | ||
9/6/2014 | ||
9/7/2014 | ||
9/8/2014 | ||
9/9/2014 | ||
9/10/2014 | ||
9/11/2014 | ||
9/12/2014 | ||
9/13/2014 | ||
9/14/2014 | ||
9/15/2014 | ||
9/16/2014 | ||
9/17/2014 | ||
9/18/2014 | ||
9/19/2014 | ||
9/20/2014 | ||
9/21/2014 | ||
9/22/2014 | ||
9/23/2014 | ||
9/24/2014 | ||
9/25/2014 | ||
9/26/2014 | ||
9/27/2014 | ||
9/28/2014 | ||
9/29/2014 | ||
9/30/2014 |
Observation Date | Observation Time | Precipitation | Snowfall | Snowfall SWE | Snow Depth | Snow SWE | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10/1/2013 | 7:40 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/2/2013 | 7:59 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/3/2013 | 7:56 AM | 0.35 | M | M | M | M | Nice gentle rain. |
10/15/2013 | 7:56 AM | 1.04 | M | M | M | M | Nice rain. I slept through the whole thing. Just misting now. |
10/16/2013 | 7:56 AM | 0.10 | M | M | M | M | Accumulation come from a light mist falling off and on most of yesterday. |
10/17/2013 | 8:05 AM | 0.01 | M | M | M | M | |
10/18/2013 | 7:58 AM | 0.18 | M | M | M | M | |
10/19/2013 | 8:08 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/20/2013 | 8:10 AM | 0.02 | M | M | M | M | |
10/21/2013 | 7:43 AM | 0.05 | M | M | M | M | |
10/22/2013 | 8:06 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/23/2013 | 8:03 AM | 0.01 | M | M | M | M | |
10/24/2013 | 8:07 AM | 0.01 | M | M | M | M | |
10/25/2013 | 8:06 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/26/2013 | 8:05 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/27/2013 | 8:08 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/28/2013 | 8:05 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/29/2013 | 8:04 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
10/30/2013 | 7:53 AM | 0.13 | M | M | M | M | |
10/31/2013 | 7:50 AM | 0.05 | M | M | M | M | The result of 8 hours of heavy fog and drizzle. |
11/2/2013 | 8:08 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/5/2013 | 8:02 AM | 0.18 | 0.0 | M | M | M | (edit: daily precip initially recorded as 0.00". changed to NA due to inconsistency with nearby data. observer contacted. P.G.) |
11/6/2013 | 8:02 AM | 0.28 | 1.3 | M | 1.3 | M | This precipitation began as rain then changed to snow. That is why the total rain and melted snow is higher than it would be if it were snow only and why I did not report a "melted value from core" amount. |
11/8/2013 | 8:16 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/9/2013 | 8:06 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/13/2013 | 8:08 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/14/2013 | 7:55 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/15/2013 | 7:49 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/17/2013 | 8:12 AM | 0.13 | M | M | M | M | |
11/18/2013 | 8:08 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/19/2013 | 7:56 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/20/2013 | 8:08 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/21/2013 | 7:51 AM | T | M | M | M | M | Just a trace. Temps was 35º F so it was all rain, actually just a mist. |
11/22/2013 | 8:03 AM | 0.05 | 0.4 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 0.05 | Snow depth varied from a dusting to 0.5?, reported 0.4?. |
11/23/2013 | 8:04 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 0.2 | M | |
11/24/2013 | 7:58 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | T | M | Bright clear skies and 7º F this morning. |
11/25/2013 | 8:02 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | T | M | More grass than snow showing, but still enough to call a trace. |
11/26/2013 | 7:59 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | The 40º F temps yesterday melted all the remaining snow that was on the ground. Nothing but grass showing now. |
11/27/2013 | 7:58 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/28/2013 | 8:07 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/29/2013 | 8:05 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
11/30/2013 | 8:01 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
12/1/2013 | 8:04 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | |
12/2/2013 | 8:06 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | M | M | No precipitation here yet we may have been to far south. More to come later today - maybe. Let you know tomorrow. |
12/3/2013 | 7:57 AM | 0.15 | M | M | M | M | We did have heavy snow fall for about 30 minutes late yesterday afternoon. But with temperatures above freezing all night long there is no measurable snow to measure this morning. |
12/4/2013 | 8:14 AM | 0.25 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.5 | 0.25 | |
12/12/2013 | 7:57 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 4.0 | M | |
12/13/2013 | 7:57 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 3.8 | M | Still too cold to melt, but we do have some sublimation going on. |
12/14/2013 | 8:21 AM | 0.08 | 1.5 | 0.08 | 5.0 | M | |
12/15/2013 | 8:04 AM | T | T | T | 4.5 | M | |
12/16/2013 | 8:05 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 4.0 | M | It had not started snowing when I took the above reading. So tomorrow's report should have the storm total. It just started snowing after I took this reading. |
12/17/2013 | 7:54 AM | 0.08 | 1.0 | 0.08 | 5.5 | 0.72 | It took a while for the core sample to melt. |
12/18/2013 | 7:51 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.0 | M | With the winds moving the snow around yesterday the snow depth varies from 4.5? to 5.5? in the normal measuring area. |
12/19/2013 | 8:12 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 4.5 | M | |
12/20/2013 | 8:09 AM | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 4.5 | M | |
12/21/2013 | 8:02 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 4.5 | M | |
12/22/2013 | 8:00 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 4.5 | M | |
12/29/2013 | 8:11 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 6.0 | M | |
12/30/2013 | 8:03 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.5 | M | Took this reading before it started snowing. As of 4PM we have had about 1?. |
12/31/2013 | 8:05 AM | 0.09 | 1.0 | 0.09 | 6.5 | M | This data represents the entire clipper that came through yesterday. |
1/1/2014 | 8:07 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 6.5 | M | |
1/2/2014 | 8:11 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 6.3 | 0.99 | |
1/3/2014 | 8:07 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 6.1 | M | |
1/4/2014 | 7:51 AM | 0.03 | 0.4 | M | 5.0 | M | It looks like we lost some snow depth to the warmer weather yesterday and last night |
1/5/2014 | 8:07 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.0 | M | |
1/6/2014 | 7:57 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.0 | M | Very cold this morning. -22ºF |
1/7/2014 | 7:58 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.0 | M | |
1/8/2014 | 7:55 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.0 | M | |
1/9/2014 | 8:00 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.0 | M | |
1/10/2014 | 8:05 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.5 | 1.17 | I took todays reading in a slightly different place as a check against the fact that the total depth of snow has not changed for days. The old site still measured 5.0?. |
1/11/2014 | 8:04 AM | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.01 | 5.0 | M | |
1/13/2014 | 7:45 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 5.0 | M | I can't believe we did not loose snow depth yesterday. |
1/14/2014 | 8:03 AM | 0.17 | 2.5 | 0.17 | 7.5 | M | Flurries were still falling after today's reading. There is also a lot ot blowing snow. The snow was light a fluffy for shoveling. |
1/15/2014 | 7:55 AM | 0.02 | T | 0.02 | 7.0 | M | This was a tough one. Not sure if most of the snow in the gauge was new snow or just old snow that was blowing around. Could not find a reliable place to measure new snow depth. |
1/16/2014 | 8:04 AM | 0.06 | 0.5 | 0.06 | 7.0 | M | |
1/18/2014 | 8:12 AM | 0.38 | 5.0 | 0.38 | 11.0 | M | Got a lot more than expected. |
1/19/2014 | 8:20 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 9.0 | M | Looks like we got about 2? of compaction in the last 24 hours. |
1/20/2014 | 7:59 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 8.0 | M | It just started snowing after I took this reading this morning. There should be something to report tomorrow. |
1/21/2014 | 7:58 AM | 0.02 | 0.4 | 0.02 | 8.0 | M | |
1/22/2014 | 7:58 AM | 0.02 | 0.7 | 0.02 | 9.0 | M | |
1/23/2014 | 8:04 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 8.0 | M | |
1/24/2014 | 7:55 AM | 0.00 | 0.0 | M | 7.5 | M | |
1/25/2014 | 8:10 AM | 0.06 | 1.6 | 0.06 | 9.0 | 1.96 | |
1/26/2014 | 8:14 AM | 0.20 | 1.6 | 0.20 | 9.8 | M |
Start Date | End Date & Time | Duration in Days | Precipitation | Snow Depth | Snow Depth SWE | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10/4/2013 | 10/14/2013 8:07 AM | 11 | 0.90 | M | M | |
12/5/2013 | 12/11/2013 8:04 AM | 7 | 0.49 | 4.0 | 0.49 | I,m back and ready to record. |
Observation Date | Observation Time | Notes | Largest Stone Size | Average Stone Size | Smallest Stone Size | Stone Consistency | Duration Minutes | Durration Accuracy | Damage | Timing | More Rain than Hail | Hail Started | Largest Hail Started | Angle of Impact | Number of Stones on Pad | Distance Between Stones on Pad | Depth of Stones on Ground |
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